vim

TL;DR

# Open a file:
$ vim path/to/file

# Open a file at a specified line number:
$ vim +line_number path/to/file

# View Vim's help manual:
$  :help<Enter>

# Save and quit the current buffer:
$ :wq<Enter>

# Enter normal mode and undo the last operation:
# <ESC>u

# Search for a pattern in the file (press `n`/`N` to go to next/previous match):
$ /search_pattern<Enter>

# Perform a regular expression substitution in the whole file:
$  :%s/regular_expression/replacement/g<Enter>

# Display the line numbers:
$  :set nu<Enter>